Topic wise MCQ question on Sexual reproduction in flowering plant class 12 biology

 

Class 12th Biology के “Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants”  MCQs 

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1. Flower – A Fascinating Organ of Angiosperms (5 MCQs)

Q1. Which whorl of a flower is responsible for reproduction?
a) Calyx
b) Corolla
c) Androecium and Gynoecium
d) Petals
Ans: c) Androecium and Gynoecium

Q2. A flower having both male and female reproductive organs is called:
a) Unisexual
b) Bisexual
c) Incomplete
d) Neuter
Ans: b) Bisexual

Q3. The stalk of the flower is known as:
a) Peduncle
b) Receptacle
c) Stigma
d) Ovary
Ans: a) Peduncle

Q4. The swollen tip of the flower stalk is:
a) Petiole
b) Receptacle
c) Filament
d) Sepal
Ans: b) Receptacle

Q5. Which of the following is a male reproductive part of the flower?
a) Ovule
b) Carpel
c) Stamen
d) Pistil
Ans: c) Stamen

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2. Pre-Fertilisation: Structure and Events (20 MCQs)

Q1. Microspores are produced by:
a) Megaspore mother cell
b) Tapetum
c) Pollen mother cell
d) Endothecium
Ans: c) Pollen mother cell

Q2. The innermost wall layer of microsporangium is:
a) Epidermis
b) Endothecium
c) Middle layers
d) Tapetum
Ans: d) Tapetum

Q3. The process of formation of pollen grains is called:
a) Megasporogenesis
b) Microsporogenesis
c) Pollination
d) Fertilisation
Ans: b) Microsporogenesis

Q4. The outer wall of pollen grain is made up of:
a) Pectin
b) Lignin
c) Sporopollenin
d) Cellulose
Ans: c) Sporopollenin

Q5. Pollen grains are shed at which stage?
a) Two-celled stage
b) Three-celled stage
c) Four-celled stage
d) Single-celled stage
Ans: a) Two-celled stage

Q6. Which cell of male gametophyte forms the pollen tube?
a) Generative cell
b) Vegetative cell
c) Tube nucleus
d) Both a and b
Ans: b) Vegetative cell

Q7. The ovule is attached to the placenta by:
a) Funicle
b) Chalaza
c) Integuments
d) Nucellus
Ans: a) Funicle

Q8. The micropyle is a small opening in the:
a) Integuments
b) Ovary wall
c) Style
d) Funicle
Ans: a) Integuments

Q9. The functional megaspore develops into:
a) Embryo
b) Endosperm
c) Embryo sac
d) Seed
Ans: c) Embryo sac

Q10. The female gametophyte in angiosperms is:
a) Embryo
b) Nucellus
c) Ovule
d) Embryo sac
Ans: d) Embryo sac

Q11. The embryo sac is:
a) 4-nucleate
b) 6-nucleate
c) 7-celled and 8-nucleate
d) 8-celled
Ans: c) 7-celled and 8-nucleate

Q12. Number of antipodal cells in a typical embryo sac:
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
Ans: b) 3

Q13. Megaspore mother cell is:
a) Diploid
b) Haploid
c) Triploid
d) Polyploid
Ans: a) Diploid

Q14. In a typical angiosperm, the number of ovules in the ovary may be:
a) Only one
b) One or more
c) Ten
d) Two fixed
Ans: b) One or more

Q15. What triggers germination of pollen on stigma?
a) Hormone
b) Enzymes
c) Nutrients
d) Both b and c
Ans: d) Both b and c

Q16. Pollen tube entry into ovule is usually through:
a) Chalaza
b) Hilum
c) Micropyle
d) Integument
Ans: c) Micropyle

Q17. The structure which guides pollen tube is:
a) Egg
b) Synergid
c) Antipodal
d) Central cell
Ans: b) Synergid

Q18. Number of pollen sacs in a typical anther:
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 6
Ans: c) 4

Q19. Generative cell divides to form:
a) One male gamete
b) Two male gametes
c) Pollen tube
d) Zygote
Ans: b) Two male gametes

Q20. Which layer of microsporangium helps in dehiscence of anther?
a) Epidermis
b) Tapetum
c) Endothecium
d) Middle layers
Ans: c) Endothecium

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3. Double Fertilisation (20 MCQs)

Q1. Double fertilisation is found in:
a) Gymnosperms
b) Bryophytes
c) Algae
d) Angiosperms
Ans: d) Angiosperms

Q2. Number of male gametes required for double fertilisation:
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Ans: b) 2

Q3. Fusion of male gamete with egg is called:
a) Triple fusion
b) Syngamy
c) Fertilisation
d) Pollination
Ans: b) Syngamy

Q4. Fusion of male gamete with two polar nuclei is known as:
a) Syngamy
b) Triple fusion
c) Parthenogenesis
d) Apomixis
Ans: b) Triple fusion

Q5. Result of syngamy:
a) Embryo
b) Endosperm
c) Ovule
d) Seed
Ans: a) Embryo

Q6. Triple fusion forms:
a) Zygote
b) Embryo
c) Endosperm nucleus
d) Seed coat
Ans: c) Endosperm nucleus

Q7. Primary endosperm nucleus is:
a) Haploid
b) Diploid
c) Triploid
d) Tetraploid
Ans: c) Triploid

Q8. Double fertilisation is absent in:
a) Pea
b) Wheat
c) Cycas
d) Maize
Ans: c) Cycas

Q9. Male gametes are delivered by:
a) Ovary
b) Style
c) Pollen tube
d) Stigma
Ans: c) Pollen tube

Q10. Which cell degenerates after fertilisation?
a) Central cell
b) Synergids
c) Egg cell
d) Antipodals
Ans: b) Synergids

Q11. Zygote is formed as a result of:
a) Double fertilisation
b) Syngamy
c) Triple fusion
d) Pollination
Ans: b) Syngamy

Q12. Central cell before fertilisation is:
a) Uninucleate
b) Binucleate
c) Trinucleate
d) Quadrinucleate
Ans: b) Binucleate

Q13. In double fertilisation, one male gamete fuses with:
a) Egg, other with central cell
b) Egg, other with antipodal
c) Central cell, other with synergid
d) Egg, other degenerates
Ans: a) Egg, other with central cell

Q14. Endosperm in angiosperm is:
a) Haploid
b) Diploid
c) Triploid
d) Tetraploid
Ans: c) Triploid

Q15. Double fertilisation occurs in:
a) Monocots only
b) Dicots only
c) All angiosperms
d) Only gymnosperms
Ans: c) All angiosperms

Q16. Entry of pollen tube into embryo sac is through:
a) Chalazal end
b) Micropylar end
c) Funicle
d) Hilum
Ans: b) Micropylar end

Q17. Embryo develops from:
a) Egg cell
b) Antipodal
c) Central cell
d) Synergid
Ans: a) Egg cell

Q18. Which cell of pollen grain divides to form two male gametes?
a) Vegetative
b) Generative
c) Tube nucleus
d) Male gametophyte
Ans: b) Generative

Q19. Embryo sac is:
a) Haploid
b) Diploid
c) Triploid
d) Tetraploid
Ans: a) Haploid

Q20. Double fertilisation was discovered by:
a) Strasburger
b) Nawaschin
c) Hooker
d) Linnaeus
Ans: b) Nawaschin

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4. Post-Fertilisation: Structure and Events (20 MCQs)

Q1. After fertilisation, ovule develops into:
a) Fruit
b) Seed
c) Embryo
d) Endosperm
Ans: b) Seed

Q2. After fertilisation, ovary develops into:
a) Seed
b) Embryo
c) Fruit
d) Pollen
Ans: c) Fruit

Q3. Seed coat develops from:
a) Ovary wall
b) Integuments
c) Nucellus
d) Embryo
Ans: b) Integuments

Q4. The product of triple fusion is:
a) Embryo
b) Zygote
c) Endosperm
d) Fruit
Ans: c) Endosperm

Q5. Endosperm provides:
a) Protection
b) Water
c) Nutrition
d) Oxygen
Ans: c) Nutrition

Q6. In most monocots, endosperm is:
a) Completely consumed
b) Absent
c) Persistent
d) Degenerate
Ans: c) Persistent

Q7. In non-endospermic seeds, endosperm is:
a) Absent
b) Fully consumed during development
c) Forms fruit wall
d) Forms embryo
Ans: b) Fully consumed during development

Q8. Zygote gives rise to:
a) Ovary
b) Fruit
c) Endosperm
d) Embryo
Ans: d) Embryo

Q9. Cotyledons are part of:
a) Endosperm
b) Fruit
c) Embryo
d) Seed coat
Ans: c) Embryo

Q10. In dicots, how many cotyledons are present?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Ans: b) 2

Q11. Albuminous seeds retain:
a) Embryo
b) Cotyledons
c) Endosperm
d) Seed coat
Ans: c) Endosperm

Q12. Example of non-albuminous seed:
a) Wheat
b) Maize
c) Groundnut
d) Rice
Ans: c) Groundnut

Q13. The fruit wall is known as:
a) Ovule
b) Pericarp
c) Seed coat
d) Endosperm
Ans: b) Pericarp

Q14. Micropyle helps in:
a) Entry of pollen
b) Germination of seed
c) Formation of zygote
d) Dispersal of seeds
Ans: b) Germination of seed

Q15. The embryo in a seed is made up of:
a) Cotyledon only
b) Plumule and radicle only
c) Cotyledon, plumule, and radicle
d) None
Ans: c) Cotyledon, plumule, and radicle

Q16. Radicle gives rise to:
a) Shoot
b) Root
c) Leaf
d) Flower
Ans: b) Root

Q17. Plumule gives rise to:
a) Fruit
b) Leaf
c) Shoot
d) Root
Ans: c) Shoot

Q18. A true fruit develops from:
a) Ovule
b) Ovary
c) Style
d) Pericarp
Ans: b) Ovary

Q19. False fruits develop from:
a) Ovary
b) Ovule
c) Other floral parts
d) Zygote
Ans: c) Other floral parts

Q20. Which structure connects seed to fruit wall?
a) Funicle
b) Micropyle
c) Hilum
d) Integument
Ans: c) Hilum

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5. Apomixis and Polyembryony (20 MCQs)

Q1. Apomixis is:
a) Fertilisation without gametes
b) Asexual formation of seeds
c) Fusion of gametes
d) Formation of fruit without fertilisation
Ans: b) Asexual formation of seeds

Q2. Which plant shows apomixis naturally?
a) Wheat
b) Mango
c) Citrus
d) Rose
Ans: c) Citrus

Q3. Apomixis is useful for:
a) Increasing variability
b) Hybrid seed production
c) Reducing yield
d) Delaying flowering
Ans: b) Hybrid seed production

Q4. A major drawback of hybrid seeds is:
a) High cost
b) Poor yield
c) Genetic instability
d) Need for repeated purchase
Ans: d) Need for repeated purchase

Q5. In adventive embryony, embryo arises from:
a) Egg
b) Central cell
c) Nucellus or integument
d) Pollen
Ans: c) Nucellus or integument

Q6. Vegetative reproduction is a form of:
a) Sexual reproduction
b) Parthenogenesis
c) Apomixis
d) Grafting
Ans: c) Apomixis

Q7. Polyembryony is:
a) Single embryo in a seed
b) More than one embryo in a seed
c) Two seeds in a fruit
d) More than one cotyledon
Ans: b) More than one embryo in a seed

Q8. Polyembryony can be:
a) Natural only
b) Artificial only
c) Both natural and artificial
d) Only in animals
Ans: c) Both natural and artificial

Q9. First scientist to report polyembryony in citrus:
a) Linnaeus
b) Maheshwari
c) Strasburger
d) Leeuwenhoek
Ans: b) Maheshwari

Q10. Apomictic seeds are:
a) Genetically different
b) Identical to parent
c) Hybrid
d) Sterile
Ans: b) Identical to parent

Q11. A benefit of apomixis is:
a) High cost
b) Uniformity in crops
c) Sterile seeds
d) Need for pollinators
Ans: b) Uniformity in crops

Q12. Which method prevents hybrid seed degradation?
a) Self-pollination
b) Apomixis
c) Parthenogenesis
d) Grafting
Ans: b) Apomixis

Q13. In gametophytic apomixis, embryo arises from:
a) Synergids
b) Egg cell without fertilisation
c) Endosperm
d) Antipodals
Ans: b) Egg cell without fertilisation

Q14. Polyembryony provides:
a) Single plant from seed
b) Many plants from one seed
c) Hybrid vigor
d) Flowering without seeds
Ans: b) Many plants from one seed

Q15. Apomixis avoids the process of:
a) Seed dispersal
b) Embryo development
c) Fertilisation
d) Fruit formation
Ans: c) Fertilisation

Q16. Which of the following is not a type of apomixis?
a) Adventive embryony
b) Parthenogenesis
c) Vegetative propagation
d) Pollination
Ans: d) Pollination

Q17. Polyembryony occurs in which plant?
a) Rose
b) Citrus
c) Mustard
d) Sunflower
Ans: b) Citrus

Q18. Somatic embryos are:
a) Sexual
b) From gametes
c) Asexual
d) From zygotes
Ans: c) Asexual

Q19. Polyembryony enhances:
a) Genetic variation
b) Number of embryos
c) Seed size
d) Photosynthesis
Ans: b) Number of embryos

Q20. Which method can help in producing disease-free clones?
a) Polyembryony
b) Apomixis
c) Parthenocarpy
d) Syngamy
Ans: b) Apomixis

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